In the wave of globalization, cultural exchanges are becoming increasingly frequent, but the line between cultural appropriation and cultural appreciation is becoming increasingly blurred. Cultural appropriation refers to the act of using elements from other cultures by individuals from one cultural background. It can be divided into appropriation of objects (such as the appropriation of sculptures) and appropriation of content (such as the borrowing of artworks), the latter including appropriation of texts, styles, motifs, and themes. The phenomenon of cultural appropriation is extremely common in contemporary society and is often accompanied by controversy.
Definition and Analysis of Cultural Appropriation
From a comparative cultural perspective, the core of cultural appropriation is the commodification of cultural symbols. In this process, cultural elements from other groups are used by dominant groups or mainstream cultures for market profit, thus drawing criticism from some of the appropriated groups. The anger of the original cultural groups towards cultural appropriation often stems from anger over power inequality, persistent historical injustice, or the pursuit of personal gain by other groups at the expense of the sanctity of their cultural customs.
However, the line between cultural appropriation and cultural integration is often very thin. Cultural integration refers to the simultaneous presentation of symbols from two or more different cultures, and it has become an important marketing tool. When cultural integration is based on respect and understanding, it can elicit positive and comprehensive consumer responses, such as admiration and acceptance. However, when one culture integrates with another in a disrespectful or exploitative manner, it constitutes cultural appropriation.
The Underlying Logic of Cultural Appropriation
The logic behind cultural appropriation often lies hidden in the logic of cultural imperialism and cultural hegemony. Cultural imperialism is a new type of imperialism that forces people to "voluntarily become slaves." It uses theoretical and academic promotion and the dissemination of popular culture to deprive other countries of their "autonomy," forcing them to willingly integrate into its cultural and value system. Cultural hegemony, on the other hand, refers to the ruling class, after seizing absolute control over politics and the economy, using propaganda and its moral and spiritual leadership to rule subordinate classes.
In international communication, Western countries often promote their cultural hegemony through films, books, and media, embedding American values and lifestyles to create a cultural and public opinion space dominated by American culture. This cultural hegemony is not only manifested in the suppression of their own culture but also in the appropriation and redefinition of other cultures. Through cultural appropriation, Western countries attempt to incorporate other cultures into their own cultural system, thereby consolidating their cultural hegemonic position.
Strategies for Countering Cultural Appropriation
Faced with the phenomenon of cultural appropriation, we need to maintain a keen, clear-headed, and rational approach. First, we should strengthen the protection and inheritance of our own culture, enhancing cultural confidence and a sense of identity. Secondly, we should strengthen our critique and reflection on the phenomenon of cultural hegemony in international communication, and promote the establishment of a more just and equitable international cultural order. Finally, we should also strengthen intercultural exchange and dialogue, enhance understanding and respect among different cultures, and thus promote the diverse and inclusive development of culture.
In conclusion, "cultural appropriation" is a complex and sensitive concept, involving multiple aspects such as culture, power, and history. In understanding and responding to the phenomenon of cultural appropriation, we need to maintain an objective and rational attitude, respecting and protecting local culture while also promoting the diverse and inclusive development of culture.